The problem of finding ways to combat bad speech

At a time when we are flooded with vile rhetoric from all over, especially on social media, it becomes difficult to know how to respond. The easy availability of AI engines to create realistic but fake text, audio, and video content has enabled the scope of such hate speech to explode. There have been calls for the social media platforms to more closely monitor the content of their sites and prevent such abuses but since the sites want people to spend time there, they are reluctant to take more than the mildest of steps.

The platforms Meta and X/Twitter are the worst offenders but even relatively staid ones like Substack have been roiled by controversy.

In January 2022, the Center for Countering Digital Hate accused Substack of allowing content that could be dangerous to public health. The Center estimated that the company earned $2.5 million per year from the top five anti-vaccine authors alone. The three founders responded via blog post affirming their commitment to minimal censorship.

Substack faced further criticism in November 2023 for allowing its platform to be used by white nationalists, Nazis, and antisemites. In an open letter, more than 100 Substack creators threatened to leave the platform and implored Substack’s leadership to stop providing a platform for political views with which they disagree. In response, Substack CEO Hamish McKenzie said the company would continue to allow the publication of extremist views because attempting to censor them would make the problem worse. Creators like Casey Newton, Molly White, and Ryan Broderick left the platform as a result.

The argument of free speech absolutists who oppose any attempts to censor content is frequently stated as “The best response to bad speech is more speech”. In other words, the way to combat speech that one abhors is to speak up against it and, in the free marketplace of ideas, the better speech should ultimately win.
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Bruce Springsteen’s powerful new song Streets of Minneapolis

I wrote this song on Saturday, recorded it yesterday and released it to you today in response to the state terror being visited on the city of Minneapolis. It’s dedicated to the people of Minneapolis, our innocent immigrant neighbors and in memory of Alex Pretti and Renee Good.Stay free

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— Bruce Springsteen (@brucespringsteen.net) January 28, 2026 at 9:02 AM

You can also listen to it here.

Music has played an integral part in protest movements, galvanizing and energizing people as we saw most memorably during the civil rights and Vietnam turbulence. I hope this becomes a protest anthem that is blasted through speakers whenever Trump and his thugs including ICE appear in public, and that it inspires other artists to do the same.

Here are the lyrics.

Through the winter’s ice and cold
Down Nicollet Avenue
A city aflame fought fire and ice
‘Neath an occupier’s boots

King Trump’s private army from the DHS
Guns belted to their coats
Came to Minneapolis to enforce the law
Or so their story goes

Against smoke and rubber bullets
In the dawn’s early light
Citizens stood for justice
Their voices ringing through the night

And there were bloody footprints
Where mercy should have stood
And two dead left to die on snow-filled streets
Alex Pretti and Renee Good

chorus

Oh Minneapolis, I hear your voice
Singing through the bloody mist
We’ll take our stand for this land
And the stranger in our midst

Here in our home they killed and roamed
In the winter of ’26
We’ll remember the names of those who died
On the streets of Minneapolis

Trump’s federal thugs beat up on
His face and his chest
Then we heard the gunshots
And Alex Pretti lay in the snow, dead

Their claim was self defense, sir
Just don’t believe your eyes
It’s our blood and bones and these whistles and phones
Against Miller and Noem’s dirty lies

chorus

Oh Minneapolis, I hear your voice
Crying through the bloody mist
We’ll remember the names of those who died
On the streets of Minneapolis

Now they say they’re here to uphold the law
But they trample on our rights
If your skin is black or brown my friend
You can be questioned or deported on sight

In our chants of “ICE out now”
Our city’s heart and soul persists
Through broken glass and bloody tears
On the streets of Minneapolis

chorus

Oh Minneapolis, I hear your voice
Singing through the bloody mist
Here in our home they killed and roamed
In the winter of ’26

We’ll take our stand for this land
And the stranger in our midst
We’ll remember the names of those who died
On the streets of Minneapolis
We’ll remember the names of those who died
On the streets of Minneapolis

Why I blog

Today is the 21st anniversary of the beginning of my blogging. I originally started doing so on this day in 2005 on the platform that had been started by my university and then in 2012 was invited to join the FreethoughtBlogs collective and have been here ever since. When I started, blogging was new and it was considered to be slightly infra dig for academics to engage in it, a comedown from the forms in which they usually expressed their ideas, such as journal papers, magazine articles, and newspaper op-eds. In fact, a faculty colleague of mine in my university published his blog anonymously, out of embarrassment as to what his peers might think. But that feeling soon dissipated as the value of this form became apparent, enabling as it did the ability to very rapidly express one’s scholarly views on the news of the day. More and more faculty started blogging and some found their visibility increasing by leaps and bounds and being sought after by the media.

But as some have pointed out, blogging seems to be falling out of favor. This is partly because the audience has shifted to social media platforms that enable hot takes on the news to be disseminated even more quickly. However, those forms tend to require very short snippets mostly in the form of videos and hence are not really suitable for any thoughtful exposition on a topic, and thus not that appealing to academics.
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Film review: Cover-Up (2025)

This gripping documentary directed by Laura Poitras and Mark Obenhaus, about the work of legendary reporter Seymour M. Hersh has just been released on Netflix. It is must-see viewing for anyone who wishes to know more about the murder, war crimes, rape, torture, and other abuses committed by the US government and its military, many of which were revealed because of the dogged work of Hersh. I have written about Hersh and his work multiple times before but if you have time to read just one of them, I would recommend my review of his memoir Reporter published in 2018. He is also scathing about the complicity of the mainstream media in enabling so many cover-ups, while patting themselves on the back for being courageous truth-seekers.

What made him distinctive was that he did not suck up to the top people, as so many ‘star’ reporters do in the effort to get what they consider ‘scoops’ but which in actuality made them conduits for government and military propaganda. The New York Times and Washington Post are particularly guilty of this. What Hersh did was to seek out lower level people who had principles and consciences and also had access to important information but were not careerists desperately seeking to climb the ladder by acquiescing to their superiors. He would go to great lengths to protect their identities, often speaking to many people whom he knew knew nothing about the story he was reporting, just so that his source could not be singled out. As a result, word got around that he could be trusted and more people would come to him with information and copies of secret documents.
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Can breaking stuff be cathartic?

I am sure that everyone has seen a variation of this scene in films. Somebody gets really mad about something and then starts throwing stuff, either at another person or at the wall, or sweeping everything off their desks so that they crash to the floor, scattering debris everywhere. Whenever I see that exceedingly common scene,I always wonder to myself, “Do people really behave like that?” I personally have never felt the urge to do anything remotely destructive like that when I feel angry. Apart from the danger posed by broken crockery and glass flying around, there is also the cost of replacing them and cleaning up the mess. Even if it provides some catharsis, the costs are definitely not worth it, for me at least. No one I know has ever done that either, at least to my knowledge. I doubt that we are particularly placid people. It may just be that this kind of scene is an easy way for filmmakers to show rage as well as providing some action to spice up the film.

But one side-effect of showing them is that it might make people think that breaking stuff is a good way to release pent-up feelings of anger. And there are now things called Rage Rooms where, for a fee, people can go and break stuff when they feel angry.
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Weird behavior

I am not a gourmet. I am not a foodie. I have little interest in food other than to sustain life. While I can tell when food tastes awful, I cannot distinguish between good food and really good food the way that connoisseurs can. Hence I do not seek out eating ‘experiences’, going to fancy restaurants to try out their wares. However, I can understand people who do if they can afford to eat at such expensive places.

What I find hard to understand is people willing to risk going to prison for the sake of eating a fancy meal, the way that this 34-year old ‘influencer’ (seems like pretty much everyone is an influencer these days), who has come to be known as the ‘dine and dash diva’, did.
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Politico fails at basic journalism

I came across this news item that said that Democrats have a glimmer of optimism about their chances to win a special congressional election in a deep red district in Tennessee.

I was intrigued since I had had not known about this election and so I looked for the fact that interested me the most and that is the date of election. But the article did not say. The only references to a date was to say that the election is ‘upcoming’, which is not helpful at all since it is obviously not in the past, and that it will be held ‘next month’ which is irritatingly vague.

This is infuriating and I consider this journalistic malpractice. The date should be in the opening paragraph. How hard would it be to just state the damn date, which is surely one of the most significant facts? But unfortunately, this kind of omission happens quite frequently, as I have complained before.

So I looked online and found that the date will be Tuesday, December 2, less than two weeks away.

What is the appeal of horror and gore on screen?

This article looks at why so many people enjoy seeing even horrific violence on screen, most extremely in what are labeled as slasher films, and what types of people are attracted to them.

Some people are more likely to enjoy violent media than others. Being male, aggressive and having less empathy all make you more likely to enjoy watching screen violence. There are also certain personality traits associated liking violent media. Extroverted people, who seek excitement, and people who are more open to aesthetic experiences, like watching violent movies more.

Conversely, people high in agreeableness – characterised by humility and sympathy for others – tend to like violent media less.
…

More recent research, derived from studies of horror films, suggests there may be three categories of people who enjoy watching violence, each with their own reasons.

One group has been dubbed “adrenaline junkies”. These sensation seekers want new and intense experiences, and are more likely to get a rush from watching violence. Part of this group may be people who like seeing others suffer. Sadists feel other people’s pain more than normal, and enjoy it.

Another group enjoys watching violence because they feel they learn something from it. In horror studies, such people are called “white knucklers”. Like adrenaline junkies, they feel intense emotions from watching horror. But they dislike these emotions. They tolerate it because they feel it helps them learn something about how to survive.
…

A final group seems to get both sets of benefits. They enjoy the sensations generated by watching violence and feel they learn something. In the horror genre, such people have been called “dark copers”.

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An academic takedown of The New York Times

I know that many of the readers of this blog also read PZ’s Pharyngula so this post may be a bit redundant for them but I followed a link he gave in a recent post that was so good that I wanted to give it more publicity. The link was to an essay by Peter Coviello who used to be the chair of Africana Studies at Bowdoin College, an expensive elite liberal arts college in Maine. It was also the department in which Zohran Mamdani majored while in college.

Coviello says that whenever an alumnus of a college becomes famous, and especially if they are controversial, reporters come calling to get some background on that person and this was no exception. Reporters approached him to ask about Mamdani. He warns that little good comes of talking to the reporters because they usually have an ax to grind and they will take what you say and make it fit their agenda, which will often be opposed to what you stand for. But it is hard to resist such an approach. For one thing, academics love to have the opportunity to spread greater awareness of their work and the popular media provides a major platform. There is also the issue of vanity. Being quoted in the media can be seen as a feather in one’s cap, a sign that one has had some impact, and can improve one’s standing among colleagues, provided it is not a takedown of you.
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TV review: Maigret (2025)

Georges Simenon was a prolific author who wrote a large number of novels featuring the French detective Jules Maigret. There have been many dramatic incarnations of this iconic character as this article discusses. About a year ago, I reviewed the 2016 British TV series Maigret starring Rowan Atkinson in the title role.. That series stayed close to the original in terms of period and the way that Maigret, his wife, and his supporting team were portrayed.

Now there is yet another version of the Maigret series, again called simply Maigret, that makes quite dramatic changes, while still keeping him as a chief inspector in Paris. For one thing it takes place in the present time so this Maigret has all the modern technology at his disposal. Maigret himself and his wife have been transformed from a sedate couple in their mid-fifties where the wife is a homemaker, to a hot young couple where his wife now works as a medical professional. Maigret’s team, all white men in the original, while retaining their old names, has also become younger and gender and ethnically diverse, with the addition of an insubordinate and insolent inspector who is jealous of Maigret and thus provides some internal tension within the team. The actor who plays Maigret, Benjamin Wainwright, has a disconcerting physical similarity to the actor who plays the annoying goofball Jonah Ryan in the comedy series Veep which I found a bit disconcerting at first, but that feeling soon passed.
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